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2011-01-11
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563 K
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Ұ ˸簣 翬 ˸ ϱ⸦  Ҽ ȹ Ҽ̴. ӵ巹 ڽ ָ ݿŲ Ҽ Ƹٿ ̶ ִ. ۿ ִ ǰ ؼ Ǿ ǰ ؿ ִ.

ڼҰ

1869 11 22 ĸ ¾. ĸ ƹ û Ӵ ̿ ¾ 11 ƹ ư ĺʹ ϴ Ӵ ؿ ڶ. 18춧 п 鼭 ¡ ޾Ҵ. ̳׸ Ž߰ ׸ ȭ ־. ǰ ϴ 鷻 ׿ ȥ ߽Ű ڿ. 1891 Ҽӵ巹 ׸ ø ó ǥϰ 󸣸ް ̲ ȭȸ ģ ״ ۰μ ù ߴ.

λ ȯ 1893 ī ̾. ī ۷ϴ ¾ ߼ dz ݱ ׿ ƴ ׸ ع , ӿ Ǯ ϴ ־. ο ߱Ϸ Ư Ǿ־.

1894 Ӵϰ ӵ巹 ù̾ ȥ ϰ, 1896 ũ ġ 缱Ǿ. ״ 鼭 ī ġ ϼߴ.  Ρ ġ Ⱓ ÿ ָ ɿ 븳 â ̾. 1907 к򰡷μ ִ  âϰ ְ 鼭 ܿ ο dz Ҿ־ 20 ̹ Ͽ װ ϰ 'Ҽ'̶ Ī ۵ Les Fauxmonnayeurs(1926) ǥν Ҽ Ÿϰ ο İ õߴ. ӵ巹 ¡ڡ, , ǡ,۵须 鼭 ۰ ϴ , ̷ 1926 ڼ ʴ´ٸ须 ǰ .

Ĺǿ ô޸ ֹ Voyage au Congo(1926) ȭ ⼺ ȹϼ ͷ ҷñ Retour de L'URSS(1936) ȸ Ȱ ϱ⵵ ߴ. 俹ŰС ܱа п Ȱ Ȱ ϱ⵵ ߴ. 1938 Ƴ ǻ â ΰ ȣߴ ġ ߴ.

ӵ巹 Ӱ Ÿ źϰ Ž ο ΰ dz並 ⿩ θ ޾ 1947 ۵ б йڻ ޾Ҵ. ⼺ , źϰ ڷ ǰ 踦 ߱ 11 뺧 л ޾Ҵ. 1950 1939 80ȸ Ͽ ̸ ϱ⡻ 1951 82 ϱ ĸ ÿ .

1891 ù ǰ 'ӵ巹 ׸ ' ǥ ̷, ַ ٷ ǰ ǥߴ. ġ ӵ巹 ̿ ü ع . ׺ ī 縣Ʈ ̸, ϴ κ ع ޲ٴ 뿡 ڽ ϰ ǥ϶ å ȣҴ ҷ״. Ǯִ ִ ϰڴٴ Ư ٷ å Ͽ. ǥ ü ູ ȭ '' '' âϰ ϴ 󸶳 , ִ° ش. 19 ո θ ϴ 򰡹ް ִ ǰ̴.

̿ ǰ ӵ巹 ׸ ⡻(1891) (1909)ڡ(1902)ǡ(1919) ġ(1897) ࡻ(1927)ƱͰ(1907)俹ŰС(1920) ټ ִ.

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